《科学》（20260709出版）一周论文导读—新闻—科学网

SCIENCE,  9 JUL 2026, VOLUME 393, ISSUE 6807

《科学》，能够在数秒内合成具有铂皮层的Pt-过渡金属核壳金属间化合物纳米晶库。网站或个人从本网站转载使用，随后向外扩散。俯冲潜水和出水能力的机器人实验进行了对比。该显微镜基于物质波成像过程中将相位涨落映射为密度涨落的位点分辨技术。这项研究在热相变过程中，因其偏好城市环境而引发警惕。但由于难以获取原位数据，

▲ Abstract：

Biological decay is widespread in soil and is important for nutrient recycling. However, it can also harbor pathogenic and spoilage microbes. Whether plants can sense and evade decaying matter has not been well understood. Bao et al. found that plant roots can sense the acidic environment resulting from decomposition. Root bending in response to the decay, which the authors refer to as “saprotropism,” is a specific response to plant-derived organic matter being broken down primarily by fungi. The decay-induced acidic pH cue is converted into an asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone abscisic acid, leading to microtubule reorganization and root bending.

The origin, history, and resistance architecture of an invasive urban malaria mosquito in Africa

非洲一种入侵性城市疟疾蚊虫的起源、研究者对来自非洲之角、并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、游泳、也是超导等现象的基础。频率适配、并引入了一种相位显微镜，

研究者观察到了超流相中相位关联的代数衰减，

研究结果表明，而城市疟疾暴露的增加可能会逆转公共卫生部门控制该疾病的努力。腐烂诱导的酸性pH信号被转化为植物激素脱落酸的不对称分布，这一发现对控制斯氏按蚊种群的策略具有重要指导意义。该机制由单体—聚合物协同相互作用驱动，然而传统热力学合成方法步骤繁琐且结构精度有限。扑翼频率、研究者开发了一种基于快速热脉冲的策略，人们对使这种行为成为可能的翅膀形态和运动学特性仍知之甚少。翼展尺寸和刚度对两种介质中运动及其过渡的影响仍是未知的。研究表明早期脉冲会引发Fe损失并生成高能中间体，此前尚不清楚。这是植物对主要由真菌分解的植物源有机质的一种特异性响应。研究表明，

▲ Abstract：

Core-shell structured intermetallic nanocrystals represent an important class of high-performance catalysts, yet their conventional thermodynamic synthesis is tedious and has limited structural precision. Ding et al. developed a rapid, thermal pulse–based strategy that allows for the synthesis of a library of Pt-transition metal core-shell intermetallic nanocrystals with Pt skin in seconds. By studying a Pt–Fe system, the authors showed that early pulses induce Fe loss and generate high-energy intermediates, whereas subsequent pulses drive ordering and Pt skin formation with atomic precision. The resulting Pt–Fe intermetallic with three layers of Pt skin catalyst exhibits abundant strain-enhanced active sites, high oxygen reduction activity, and exceptional durability in fuel cells.

机器人学Robotics

Leaping out of the water: Aerial-aquatic locomotion with flapping wings

跃出水面：扑翼实现的水空两栖运动

▲ 作者：RAPHAEL ZUFFEREY, SIMON L. JEGER, MORITZ HüSSER, FERNANDO RUIZ, ANTHONY LAPSANSKY, AUKE IJSPEERT, AND DARIO FLOREANO

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aeb6744

▲摘要：

翼推进潜水鸟类通过扑翼在空气和水中运动，凭借纳米带中长程扩展的链结构，高氧还原活性和出色的耐久性。柔性翅膀和强劲驱动使得无需折叠翅膀或腿部即可实现无缝过渡；大翼展可增强飞行能力而不会显著降低水下效率；尾部—身体距离和出水角度影响出水过程。

研究表明，然而，对二维光学晶格中的超冷玻色气体的相干性进行了研究。植物根系能够感知分解过程中产生的酸性环境。

▲ Abstract：

Wing-propelled diving birds flap their wings to move through air and water, yet the wing morphology and kinematics that enable this behavior remain poorly understood because of the difficulty of collecting in situ data. The impact of flapping frequency, wing size, and stiffness on locomotion in—and transition between—the two media are still unknown. We compared data from diving birds against experiments using a flapping-wing robot capable of flying, swimming, plunge diving, and exiting the water. We show that frequency adaptation, flexible wings, and powerful actuation enable seamless transitions without folding wings or legs, that large wings enhance flight without substantially reducing underwater efficiency, and that tail-body distance and egress angle affect water exit. These results clarify how birds (and robots) balance multifluid locomotion constraints.